JavaSpringmvc操作Redis和Redis集群
《JavaSpringmvc操作Redis和Redis集群》要點：
本文介紹了JavaSpringmvc操作Redis和Redis集群，希望對您有用。如果有疑問，可以聯系我們。
關于 Redis 集群搭建可以參考我的另一篇文章 Redis集群搭建與簡單使用
Redis 是什么,能做什么
Redis 是一個開源(BSD許可),內存存儲的數據結構服務器,可用作數據庫,高速緩存和消息隊列代理.它支持字符串、哈希表、列表、集合、有序集合,位圖,hyperloglogs等數據類型.內置復制、Lua腳本、LRU收回、事務以及不同級別磁盤持久化功能,同時通過Redis Sentinel 提供高可用,通過 Redis Cluster 提供自動分區.(摘自 Redis 官網)
作為內存數據庫,在現代互聯網 web 系統中,還是主要將 Redis 作為緩存使用.大型互聯網 Web 系統對性能要求很高,而在前端和數據層之間增加數據緩存已成為必不可少的手段之一,當前比較流行的兩個技術就是 Redis 和 Memcached,至于兩者有什么區別,不是本文要說的內容.本文主要講 Java web 如何操作 Redis 及 Redis 集群.
一般 Java 程序操作Redis
Redis 提供了多種語言的客戶端,在 Java 中最流行的是 Jedis .訪問可查看源碼及使用方式.目前 Jedis 最新版本是2.9.0.無論是單機還是集群,Jedis 都有很詳細的說明和實例代碼,這里只做簡單說明.如果用 Maven 做包管理,需要引用 jedis 包,本例使用最新的2.9.0版本,如下：
<dependency>
<groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
<artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
<version>2.9.0</version>
</dependency>
操作 Redis 單機
import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPool;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig;
/**
* Created by fengdezitai on 2016/10/9.
*/
public class JedisClient {
private static final String host= "192.168.31.121";
private static final JedisClient jedisClient = new JedisClient();
private Jedis jedis = null;
/**
* 私有構造函數
*/
private JedisClient(){}
public static JedisClient getInstance(){
return jedisClient;
}
private JedisPoolConfig getPoolConfig(){
JedisPoolConfig jedisPoolConfig = new JedisPoolConfig();
jedisPoolConfig.setMaxIdle(10);
jedisPoolConfig.setMaxTotal(100);
jedisPoolConfig.setMaxWaitMillis(3000);
return jedisPoolConfig;
}
/**
* 添加
* @param key
* @param value
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public Boolean add(String key,String value) throws Exception{
JedisPool pool = new JedisPool(getPoolConfig(),host);
Jedis jedis = null;
try {
jedis = pool.getResource();
if(jedis.exists(key)){
throw new Exception(String.format("key (%s) 已存在 ",key));
}
jedis.set(key,value);
}catch (Exception e){
throw e;
}
finally {
if(jedis!=null){
jedis.close();
}
}
pool.destroy();
return true;
}
/**
* 獲取值
* @param key
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public String get(String key) throws Exception{
JedisPool pool = new JedisPool(getPoolConfig(),host);
Jedis jedis = null;
String result = "";
try {
jedis = pool.getResource();
result = jedis.get(key);
}catch (Exception e){
throw e;
}
finally {
if(jedis!=null){
jedis.close();
}
}
pool.destroy();
return result;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
JedisClient jedisClient = JedisClient.getInstance();
try {
/*Boolean result = jedisClient.add("hello", "redis1");
if(result){
System.out.println("success");
}*/
System.out.println(jedisClient.get("hello"));
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
操作 redis 集群
import redis.clients.jedis.*;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
/**
* Created by fengdezitai on 2016/10/13.
*/
public class JedisClusterClient {
private static int count = 0;
private static final JedisClusterClient redisClusterClient = new JedisClusterClient();
/**
* 私有構造函數
*/
private JedisClusterClient() {}
public static JedisClusterClient getInstance() {
return redisClusterClient;
}
private JedisPoolConfig getPoolConfig(){
JedisPoolConfig config = new JedisPoolConfig();
config.setMaxTotal(1000);
config.setMaxIdle(100);
config.setTestOnBorrow(true);
return config;
}
public void SaveRedisCluster() {
Set<HostAndPort> jedisClusterNodes = new HashSet<HostAndPort>();
jedisClusterNodes.add(new HostAndPort("192.168.31.245", 7000));
jedisClusterNodes.add(new HostAndPort("192.168.31.245", 7001));
jedisClusterNodes.add(new HostAndPort("192.168.31.245", 7002));
jedisClusterNodes.add(new HostAndPort("192.168.31.210", 7003));
jedisClusterNodes.add(new HostAndPort("192.168.31.210", 7004));
jedisClusterNodes.add(new HostAndPort("192.168.31.210", 7005));
JedisCluster jc = new JedisCluster(jedisClusterNodes,getPoolConfig());
jc.set("cluster", "this is a redis cluster");
String result = jc.get("cluster");
System.out.println(result);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
JedisClusterClient jedisClusterClient = JedisClusterClient.getInstance();
jedisClusterClient.SaveRedisCluster();
}
}
Spring mvc 操作 Redis
在 Spring mvc 中操作 Redis ,首先當然要搭好 Spring mvc 框架了.以下是在假設 Spring mvc 環境已經架好的情況下.本例中 Spring 版本為 4.3.2 RELEASE.關于 Spring 的 maven 引用如下：
<!-- spring版本號 -->
<spring.version>4.3.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
<!-- spring核心包 -->
<!-- springframe start -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- springframe end -->
操作 Redis 單機
只用 Jedis 自己實現注入(區別于下面的引用spring-data-redis)
把前面的 JedisClient 代碼拿過來引用即可,只需實現一???訪問 Redis 的 Service ,就可以集成到 Spring mvc .Service 代碼如下：
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import util.JedisClient;
/**
* Created by fengdezitai on 2016/10/9.
*/
@Service
public class RedisService {
public String get(String key) throws Exception{
JedisClient jedisClient = JedisClient.getInstance(); //上面實現的JedisClient
String result = "";
try {
result = jedisClient.get("hello");
}catch (Exception e){
throw e;
}
return result;
}
}
Controller 實現如下：
@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "redisAllInOne")
public class RedisAllInOneController {
@Autowired
private RedisService redisService;
@RequestMapping(value = "get",method = RequestMethod.GET)
@ResponseBody
public Object getByMyService(String key){
try {
String result = redisService.get(key);
return result;
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
}
用 spring-data-redis 包做集成
上面是自己實現的注入,這里用 spring-data-redis 進行集成,只需簡單配置即可,需要引用 maven 包如下,版本為目前最新版 1.7.2.RELEASE：
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-data-redis</artifactId>
<version>1.7.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
使用 spring-data-redis ,即省去了自己實現注入的過程,通過它提供的一些配置,即可實現連接池配置、RedisTemplate 配置、JedisConnectionFactory 配置；通過 JedisConnectionFactory 可配置連接池參數、redis 服務器、端口、密碼、超時時間、database索引等；RedisTemplate 即注入的bean ,可以使用 RedisTemplate 自動注入的實體進行 redis 的一系列操作,具體看配置；
redis 服務屬性配置文件：
redis.maxIdle=300
redis.maxWait=3000
redis.testOnBorrow=true
redis.host=192.168.31.121
redis.port=6379
redis.password=password
redis.timeout=3000
spring-data-redis xml 配置文件 redis-context.xml：
<!-- jedis 連接池 配置 -->
<bean id="poolConfig" class="redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig" >
<property name="maxIdle" value="${redis.maxIdle}" />
<property name="maxWaitMillis" value="${redis.maxWait}" />
<property name="testOnBorrow" value="${redis.testOnBorrow}" />
</bean>
<!-- redis服務器中心 -->
<bean id="connectionFactory" class="org.springframework.data.redis.connection.jedis.JedisConnectionFactory" >
<property name="poolConfig" ref="poolConfig" />
<property name="port" value="${redis.port}" />
<property name="hostName" value="${redis.host}" />
<!--<property name="password" value="${redis.password}" />-->
<property name="timeout" value="${redis.timeout}" ></property>
<property name="database" value="1"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="commonRedisTemplate" class="org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate" >
<property name="connectionFactory" ref="connectionFactory" />
<property name="keySerializer" ref="stringRedisSerializer" />
<property name="hashKeySerializer" ref="stringRedisSerializer" />
<property name="valueSerializer" ref="stringRedisSerializer" />
<property name="hashValueSerializer" ref="stringRedisSerializer" />
</bean>
<bean id="connectionFactory1" class="org.springframework.data.redis.connection.jedis.JedisConnectionFactory" >
<property name="poolConfig" ref="poolConfig" />
<property name="port" value="${redis.port}" />
<property name="hostName" value="${redis.host}" />
<!--<property name="password" value="${redis.password}" />-->
<property name="timeout" value="${redis.timeout}" ></property>
<property name="database" value="2"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="stringRedisSerializer" class="org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer" />
<bean id="cacheRedisTemplate" class="org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate" >
<property name="connectionFactory" ref="connectionFactory1" />
<property name="keySerializer" ref="stringRedisSerializer" />
<property name="hashKeySerializer" ref="stringRedisSerializer" />
<property name="valueSerializer" ref="stringRedisSerializer" />
<property name="hashValueSerializer" ref="stringRedisSerializer" />
</bean>
之后在 spring 配置文件中引用以上文件：
<import resource="redis-context.xml" />
解釋一下上面的配置：
poolConfig 即配置 redis 連接池,之后配置了兩個 JedisConnectionFactory 和 RedisTemplate ,一個 RedisTemplate 對應一個 JedisConnectionFactory ,這樣可以配置根據場景配置不同的 Redis 連接,比如超時時間要求不一致、database 0-15 可以存儲不同的數據等.這里就配置了database 1 和 2 ,調用 commonRedisTemplate 會存到 database1 ,調用 cacheRedisTemplate 會存到 database2.
之后在 Service 層即可注入并引用這兩個 RedisTemplate ,如下代碼：
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;import org.springframework.dao.DataAccessException;import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnection;import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisCallback;import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;import javax.annotation.Resource;import java.io.*;@Repositorypublic class RedisCache {
@Resource(name = "cacheRedisTemplate") private RedisTemplate<String, String> cacheRedisTemplate; public void put(Object key, Object value) { if(null == value) { return; } if(value instanceof String) { if(StringUtils.isEmpty(value.toString())) { return; } } // TODO Auto-generated method stub final String keyf = key + ""; final Object valuef = value; final long liveTime = 86400; cacheRedisTemplate.execute(new RedisCallback<Long>() { public Long doInRedis(RedisConnection connection) throws DataAccessException { byte[] keyb = keyf.getBytes(); byte[] valueb = toByteArray(valuef); connection.set(keyb, valueb); if (liveTime > 0) { connection.expire(keyb, liveTime); } return 1L; } }); } public Object get(Object key) { final String keyf = (String) key; Object object; object = cacheRedisTemplate.execute(new RedisCallback<Object>() { public Object doInRedis(RedisConnection connection) throws DataAccessException { byte[] key = keyf.getBytes(); byte[] value = connection.get(key); if (value == null) { return null; } return toObject(value); } }); return object; } /** * 描述 : <byte[]轉Object>. <br> * <p> * <使用方法說明> * </p> * * @param bytes * @return */ private Object toObject(byte[] bytes) { Object obj = null; try { ByteArrayInputStream bis = new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes); ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(bis); obj = ois.readObject(); ois.close(); bis.close(); } catch (IOException ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } return obj; } private byte[] toByteArray(Object obj) { byte[] bytes = null; ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); try { ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(bos); oos.writeObject(obj); oos.flush(); bytes = bos.toByteArray(); oos.close(); bos.close(); } catch (IOException ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } return bytes; }}
最后在 Controller 中調用即可
@Autowired
private RedisCache redisCache;
@RequestMapping(value = "get", method = RequestMethod.GET)
@ResponseBody
public Object getByMyService(String key) {
try {
String result = redisService.get(key);
return result;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
@RequestMapping(value = "save", method = RequestMethod.GET)
@ResponseBody
public Object save() {
Token token = new Token();
token.setAccess_token("token");
token.setExpires_in(1000);
try {
redisCache.put("token", token);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "ok";
}
操作 Redis 集群
只用 Jedis 自己實現注入(區別于下面的引用spring-data-redis)
把前面的 JedisClusterClient 代碼拿過來引用即可,只需實現一個訪問 Redis 的 Service ,就可以集成到 Spring mvc .Service 代碼如下：
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import util.JedisClusterClient;
/**
* Created by fengdezitai on 2016/10/13.
*/
@Service
public class RedisClusterService {
public void save() throws Exception{
//調用 JedisClusterClient 中的方法
JedisClusterClient jedisClusterClient = JedisClusterClient.getInstance();
try {
jedisClusterClient.SaveRedisCluster();
}catch (Exception e){
throw e;
}
}
}
最后在 Controller 中調用實現的 Service 即可
@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "redisCluster")
public class RedisClusterController {
@Autowired
private RedisClusterService redisClusterService;
@RequestMapping(value = "save",method = RequestMethod.GET)
@ResponseBody
public Object save(){
try{
redisClusterService.save();
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
return String.format("error: %s",e.getMessage());
}
return "ok";
}
}
用 spring-data-redis 包做集成
Spring 和 spring-data-redis maven 包引用和前面一致,之所以引用 spring-data-redis 1.7.2.RELEASE,是因為目前只有這個最新版本才支持集群操作.
redis 集群服務屬性配置
redis.maxIdle=300
redis.maxWait=3000
redis.testOnBorrow=false
redis.timeout=3000
spring-data-redis xml 集群配置文件 redis-cluster-context.xml
<!-- 連接池 配置 -->
<bean id="poolConfig" class="redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig" >
<property name="maxIdle" value="${redis.maxIdle}" />
<property name="maxWaitMillis" value="${redis.maxWait}" />
<property name="testOnBorrow" value="${redis.testOnBorrow}" />
</bean>
<bean id="redisClusterConfig" class="org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisClusterConfiguration">
<property name="maxRedirects" value="3"></property>
<property name="clusterNodes">
<set>
<bean class="org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisNode">
<constructor-arg name="host" value="192.168.31.245"></constructor-arg>
<constructor-arg name="port" value="7000"></constructor-arg>
</bean>
<bean class="org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisNode">
<constructor-arg name="host" value="192.168.31.245"></constructor-arg>
<constructor-arg name="port" value="7001"></constructor-arg>
</bean>
<bean class="org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisNode">
<constructor-arg name="host" value="192.168.31.245"></constructor-arg>
<constructor-arg name="port" value="7002"></constructor-arg>
</bean>
<bean class="org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisNode">
<constructor-arg name="host" value="192.168.31.210"></constructor-arg>
<constructor-arg name="port" value="7003"></constructor-arg>
</bean>
<bean class="org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisNode">
<constructor-arg name="host" value="192.168.31.210"></constructor-arg>
<constructor-arg name="port" value="7004"></constructor-arg>
</bean>
<bean class="org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisNode">
<constructor-arg name="host" value="192.168.31.210"></constructor-arg>
<constructor-arg name="port" value="7005"></constructor-arg>
</bean>
</set>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="redis4CacheConnectionFactory"
class="org.springframework.data.redis.connection.jedis.JedisConnectionFactory">
<constructor-arg name="clusterConfig" ref="redisClusterConfig" />
<property name="timeout" value="${redis.timeout}" />
<property name="poolConfig" ref="poolConfig"/>
</bean>
<bean name="stringRedisSerializer" class="org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer" />
<bean id="clusterRedisTemplate" class="org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate">
<property name="connectionFactory" ref="redis4CacheConnectionFactory" />
<property name="keySerializer" ref="stringRedisSerializer" />
<property name="hashKeySerializer" ref="stringRedisSerializer" />
<property name="valueSerializer" ref="stringRedisSerializer" />
<property name="hashValueSerializer" ref="stringRedisSerializer" />
</bean>
之后在 Spring 配置文件中引用
<import resource="redis-cluster-context.xml" />
解釋以上配置：
poolConfig是連接池配置,redisClusterConfig 配置了 Redis 集群的各個節點(節點 host 和 port 最好寫在屬性配置文件中),集群搭建可見 我的 另一篇博客 .然后下面和單機配置一樣了,一對 JedisConnectionFactory 和 RedisTemplate .
之后在 Service 層即可注入并引用這個 RedisTemplate,代碼如下：
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.dao.DataAccessException;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnection;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisCallback;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import java.io.*;
/**
* Created by fengdezitai on 2016/9/29.
*/
@Repository
public class RedisClusterCache {
@Autowired
private RedisTemplate clusterRedisTemplate;
public void put(Object key, Object value) {
if(null == value) {
return;
}
if(value instanceof String) {
if(StringUtils.isEmpty(value.toString())) {
return;
}
}
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
final String keyf = key + "";
final Object valuef = value;
final long liveTime = 86400;
clusterRedisTemplate.execute(new RedisCallback<Long>() {
public Long doInRedis(RedisConnection connection)
throws DataAccessException {
byte[] keyb = keyf.getBytes();
byte[] valueb = toByteArray(valuef);
connection.set(keyb, valueb);
if (liveTime > 0) {
connection.expire(keyb, liveTime);
}
return 1L;
}
});
}
public Object get(Object key) {
final String keyf = (String) key;
Object object;
object = clusterRedisTemplate.execute(new RedisCallback<Object>() {
public Object doInRedis(RedisConnection connection)
throws DataAccessException {
byte[] key = keyf.getBytes();
byte[] value = connection.get(key);
if (value == null) {
return null;
}
return toObject(value);
}
});
return object;
}
/**
* 描述 : <byte[]轉Object>. <br>
* <p>
* <使用方法說明>
* </p>
*
* @param bytes
* @return
*/
private Object toObject(byte[] bytes) {
Object obj = null;
try {
ByteArrayInputStream bis = new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes);
ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(bis);
obj = ois.readObject();
ois.close();
bis.close();
} catch (IOException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
} catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
return obj;
}
private byte[] toByteArray(Object obj) {
byte[] bytes = null;
ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
try {
ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(bos);
oos.writeObject(obj);
oos.flush();
bytes = bos.toByteArray();
oos.close();
bos.close();
} catch (IOException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
return bytes;
}
}
最后在 Controller 中調用即可
@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "redisCluster")
public class RedisClusterController {
@Autowired
private RedisClusterCache redisClusterCache;
@RequestMapping(value = "clusterSave",method = {RequestMethod.GET,RequestMethod.POST})
@ResponseBody
public Object clusterSave(){
//redisClusterCache.put("cluster","save cluster");
Token token = new Token();
token.setExpires_in(1000);
token.setAccess_token("hello world");
redisClusterCache.put("token",token);
return "ok";
}
@RequestMapping(value = "getKey",method = RequestMethod.GET)
@ResponseBody
public Object getCluster(String key){
Object val = redisClusterCache.get(key);
return val;
}
}
注意事項：
版本問題,如果用 spring-data-redis 做集成操作 Reids 集群,只有 spring-data-redis 目前最新版本1.7才包含對集群的操作,而最新的 spring-data-redis 中的某些功能對 Spring mvc 的版本也有些限制,所以盡量選擇高版本的 Spring mvc 對應.
如果存儲的value值是一個實體對象,那么一定要實現 Serializable 接口
轉載自：http://www.cnblogs.com/fengzheng/p/5941953.html
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