MySQL 是最流行的關系型數據庫治理系統,由瑞典MySQL AB公司開發,目前屬于Oracle公司.

MySQL所使用的SQL語言是用于拜訪數據庫的最常用標準化語言.

MySQL由于其體積小、速度快、總體擁有本錢低,尤其是開放源碼這一特點,一般中小型網站的開發都選擇MySQL作為網站數據庫.

MySQL 安裝

本教程的系統平臺：CentOS release 6.6 (Final) 64位.

一、安裝編譯對象及庫文件

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make autoconf libtool-ltdl-devel gd-devel freetype-devel libxml2-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel openssl-devel curl-devel bison patch unzip libmcrypt-devel libmhash-devel ncurses-devel sudo bzip2 flex libaio-devel

二、 安裝cmake 編譯器

cmake 版本：cmake-3.1.1.

1、下載地址：http://www.cmake.org/files/v3.1/cmake-3.1.1.tar.gz

$ wget http://www.cmake.org/files/v3.1/cmake-3.1.1.tar.gz

2、解壓安裝包

$ tar zxvf cmake-3.1.1.tar.gz

3、進入安裝包目次

$ cd cmake-3.1.1

4、編譯安裝

$ ./bootstrap

$ make && make install

三、安裝 MySQL

MySQL版本：mysql-5.6.15.

1、下載地址： http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.15.tar.gz

$ wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.15.tar.gz

2、解壓安裝包

$ tar zxvf mysql-5.6.15.tar.gz

3、進入安裝包目次

$ cd mysql-5.6.15

4、編譯安裝

$ cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/ -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DWITH_INNODB_MEMCACHED=1 -DWITH_DEBUG=OFF -DWITH_ZLIB=bundled -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DENABLED_PROFILING=ON -DMYSQL_MAINTAINER_MODE=OFF -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/data -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306

$ make && make install

5、查看mysql版本:

$ /usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql --version

到此,mysql安裝完成.

MySQL 設置裝備擺設

1、創立mysql運行使用的用戶mysql：

$ /usr/sbin/groupadd mysql

$ /usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql

2、創立binlog和庫的存儲路徑并賦予mysql用戶權限

$ mkdir -p /usr/local/webserver/mysql/binlog /www/data_mysql

$ chown mysql.mysql /usr/local/webserver/mysql/binlog/ /www/data_mysql/

3、創立my.cnf配置文件

將/etc/my.cnf替換為下面內容

$ cat /etc/my.cnf

[client]

port = 3306

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock[mysqld]

replicate-ignore-db = mysql

replicate-ignore-db = test

replicate-ignore-db = information_schema

user = mysql

port = 3306

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

basedir = /usr/local/webserver/mysql

datadir = /www/data_mysql

log-error = /usr/local/webserver/mysql/mysql_error.log

pid-file = /usr/local/webserver/mysql/mysql.pid

open_files_limit = 65535

back_log = 600

max_connections = 5000

max_connect_errors = 1000

table_open_cache = 1024

external-locking = FALSE

max_allowed_packet = 32M

sort_buffer_size = 1M

join_buffer_size = 1M

thread_cache_size = 600#thread_concurrency = 8

query_cache_size = 128M

query_cache_limit = 2M

query_cache_min_res_unit = 2kdefault-storage-engine = MyISAMdefault-tmp-storage-engine=MYISAM

thread_stack = 192K

transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED

tmp_table_size = 128M

max_heap_table_size = 128M

log-slave-updates

log-bin = /usr/local/webserver/mysql/binlog/binlog

binlog-do-db=oa_fb

binlog-ignore-db=mysql

binlog_cache_size = 4M

binlog_format = MIXED

max_binlog_cache_size = 8M

max_binlog_size = 1G

relay-log-index = /usr/local/webserver/mysql/relaylog/relaylog

relay-log-info-file = /usr/local/webserver/mysql/relaylog/relaylog

relay-log = /usr/local/webserver/mysql/relaylog/relaylog

expire_logs_days = 10

key_buffer_size = 256M

read_buffer_size = 1M

read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M

bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M

myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M

myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G

myisam_repair_threads = 1

myisam_recover

interactive_timeout = 120

wait_timeout = 120

skip-name-resolve#master-connect-retry = 10

slave-skip-errors = 1032,1062,126,1114,1146,1048,1396#master-host = 192.168.1.2#master-user = username#master-password = password#master-port = 3306

server-id = 1

loose-innodb-trx=0

loose-innodb-locks=0

loose-innodb-lock-waits=0

loose-innodb-cmp=0

loose-innodb-cmp-per-index=0

loose-innodb-cmp-per-index-reset=0

loose-innodb-cmp-reset=0

loose-innodb-cmpmem=0

loose-innodb-cmpmem-reset=0

loose-innodb-buffer-page=0

loose-innodb-buffer-page-lru=0

loose-innodb-buffer-pool-stats=0

loose-innodb-metrics=0

loose-innodb-ft-default-stopword=0

loose-innodb-ft-inserted=0

loose-innodb-ft-deleted=0

loose-innodb-ft-being-deleted=0

loose-innodb-ft-config=0

loose-innodb-ft-index-cache=0

loose-innodb-ft-index-table=0

loose-innodb-sys-tables=0

loose-innodb-sys-tablestats=0

loose-innodb-sys-indexes=0

loose-innodb-sys-columns=0

loose-innodb-sys-fields=0

loose-innodb-sys-foreign=0

loose-innodb-sys-foreign-cols=0

slow_query_log_file=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/mysql_slow.log

long_query_time = 1[mysqldump]

quick

max_allowed_packet = 32M

4、初始化數據庫

$/usr/local/webserver/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql

顯示如下信息：

Installing MySQL system tables...2015-01-26 20:18:51 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).

OK

Filling help tables...2015-01-26 20:18:57 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).

OK...

5、創立開機啟動腳本

$ cd /usr/local/webserver/mysql/

$ cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

$ chkconfig --add mysqld

$ chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on

6、啟動mysql服務器

$ service mysqld start

7、銜接 MySQL

$ /usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p

修改MySQL用戶暗碼

mysqladmin -u用戶名 -p舊暗碼 password 新暗碼

或進入mysql命令行

SET PASSWORD FOR '用戶名'@'主機' = PASSWORD(‘暗碼');

創建新用戶并授權:

grant all privileges on *.* to 用戶名@'%' identified by '暗碼' with grant option;

其他命令

·啟動：service mysqld start

·結束：service mysqld stop

·重啟：service mysqld restart

·重載設置裝備擺設：service mysqld reload