《Mysql必讀MySQL備份與恢復之熱拷貝（4）》要點：
本文介紹了Mysql必讀MySQL備份與恢復之熱拷貝（4），希望對您有用。如果有疑問，可以聯系我們。
MYSQL必讀?????? 在上一篇文章中我們提到熱備,熱備也就是在MySQL或者其他數據庫服務在運行的情況下進行備份.本文分享另外一種備份的方法,也就是熱拷貝.熱拷貝跟熱備很類似,只不過熱備使用mysqldump命令,熱拷貝使用mysqlhotcopy命令.熱拷貝的優勢在于支持服務運行中進行備份,速度快,性能好；劣勢在于只能備份MyIsam的表,無法備份InnoDB的表.所以在生產環境中應該酌情使用.
MYSQL必讀示意圖
MYSQL必讀
MYSQL必讀熱備模擬
MYSQL必讀第一步,熱拷貝
MYSQL必讀
[root@serv01 databackup]# mysqlhotcopy -uroot -p123456 --database larrydb > larrydb_hostcopy.sql
Can't locate DBI.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /usr/local/lib64/perl5 /usr/local/share/perl5 /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib64/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 .) at /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqlhotcopy line 25.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqlhotcopy line 25.
MYSQL必讀第二步,報錯.因為這個命令是用perl寫的或者此命令需要perl支持,所以需要安裝perl
MYSQL必讀
[root@serv01 databackup]# yum install perl* -y
MYSQL必讀第三步,對數據庫larrydb熱拷貝
MYSQL必讀
[root@serv01 databackup]# mysqlhotcopy --help
MYSQL必讀#第一種寫法
MYSQL必讀
[root@serv01 databackup]# mysqlhotcopy --user=root --password=123456 larrydb /databackup/
MYSQL必讀#第二種寫法
MYSQL必讀
[root@serv01 databackup]# mysqlhotcopy -u root -p 123456 larrydb /databackup/
Flushed 2 tables with read lock (`larrydb`.`class`, `larrydb`.`stu`) in 0 seconds.
Locked 0 views () in 0 seconds.
Copying 5 files...
Copying indices for 0 files...
Unlocked tables.
mysqlhotcopy copied 2 tables (5 files) in 0 seconds (0 seconds overall).
MYSQL必讀?
第四步,模擬數據丟失
MYSQL必讀
[root@serv01 databackup]# ll larrydb
total 36
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 8590 Sep 10 19:07 class.frm
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 65 Sep 10 19:07 db.opt
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 8618 Sep 10 19:07 stu.frm
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 48 Sep 10 19:07 stu.MYD
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 1024 Sep 10 19:07 stu.MYI
mysql> use larrydb;
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+-------------------+
| Tables_in_larrydb |
+-------------------+
| class |
| stu |
+-------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show create table class \G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Table: class
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `class` (
`cid` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`cname` varchar(30) DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
mysql> show create table stu \G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Table: stu
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `stu` (
`sid` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`sname` varchar(30) DEFAULT NULL,
`cid` int(11) DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
mysql> drop table class,stu;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show tables;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
#這樣刪除會出錯,不要這樣刪除
[root@serv01 databackup]# rm -rf /usr/local/mysql/data/larrydb/*
[root@serv01 databackup]# rm -rf /usr/local/mysql/data/larrydb/
MYSQL必讀?
第五步,恢復數據
MYSQL必讀
[root@serv01 databackup]# cp larrydb /usr/local/mysql/data/ -arvf
`larrydb' -> `/usr/local/mysql/data/larrydb'
`larrydb/stu.MYI' -> `/usr/local/mysql/data/larrydb/stu.MYI'
`larrydb/stu.MYD' -> `/usr/local/mysql/data/larrydb/stu.MYD'
`larrydb/stu.frm' -> `/usr/local/mysql/data/larrydb/stu.frm'
`larrydb/db.opt' -> `/usr/local/mysql/data/larrydb/db.opt'
`larrydb/class.frm' -> `/usr/local/mysql/data/larrydb/class.frm'
mysql> use larrydb;
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+-------------------+
| Tables_in_larrydb |
+-------------------+
| class |
| stu |
+-------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from class;
ERROR 1146 (42S02): Table 'larrydb.class' doesn't exist
mysql> select * from stu;
+------+---------+------+
| sid | sname | cid |
+------+---------+------+
| 1 | larry01 | 1 |
| 2 | larry02 | 2 |
+------+---------+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> drop database larrydb;
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)
#再次導入
[root@serv01 databackup]# mysql -uroot -p123456 < larrydb.sql
mysql> use larrydb;
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+-------------------+
| Tables_in_larrydb |
+-------------------+
| class |
| stu |
+-------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from stu;
+------+---------+------+
| sid | sname | cid |
+------+---------+------+
| 1 | larry01 | 1 |
| 2 | larry02 | 2 |
+------+---------+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from class;
+------+--------+
| cid | cname |
+------+--------+
| 1 | linux |
| 2 | oracle |
+------+--------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MYSQL必讀本文介紹了另一種備份--熱拷貝,與熱備的區別在于使用的命令不同,熱拷貝使用mysqlhotcopy命令,希望大家可以親自動手操作一下!
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